Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the salchichón and sauté for 2–3 minutes until it releases its oils.
Add the diced onion and cook until translucent. Stir in sofrito, garlic, oregano, turmeric, pimentos (if using), and olives. Sauté for another 2 minutes.
Mix in the tomato sauce and water. Add carrots, potatoes, corn, and half of the cilantro. Season with adobo and black pepper.
Stir well and bring to a boil.
Reduce heat to medium-low, cover, and simmer for 45 minutes, or until vegetables are tender.
Add the remaining cilantro and spaghetti noodles. Simmer for 10–15 minutes, or until noodles are cooked through.
Taste and adjust seasoning if needed. Serve hot with rice, bread, or avocado on the side.